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3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

V. LIST & J. KOS AKOFF. PETROLEUM MOTOR;

No. 378,328. Patented. Feb. 21,1888.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

V. LIST & J. KOSAKOPP.

PETROLEUM MOTOR.

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V. LIST 85 J. KOSAKOFP.

PETROLEUM MOTUR.

No. 378,328. Patented Feb. 21', 1888.

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UNITED STATES PATENT tries.

VICTOR LIST AND JACOB KOSAKOFF, OF MOSCOV, RUSSIA, ASSIGNORS OF ONE-THIRD TO GEOR-G ADOLF LIST, OF SAME PLACE.

PETROLEUM=MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent. No. 378,328, dated February 21, 1888.

Application filed October 29, 1887. Serial No. 253,708.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, VIOTOR LIST, engineer, and Jacob Kosliiconn, mechanic, both subjects of the Emperor of Russia, residing at Moscow, in the Russian Empire,have invented new and useful Improvements in Petroleumlllotors, whereof the following is a specificatlou.

Our invention relates to engines in which motive power is produced by the explosive combustion of a mixture ofpetrolcum or other liquid hydrocarbon and air; and theimprovements consistin the means employed for heating the air by the heat given off from the explosion chamber of the power-cylinder, for

mining the same with dispersed petroleum, and for exposing the mixture to the heat of the exhaust-gases in view of evaporating the petroleum.

llloreoveutheinvention comprises an igniting device having an expansible chamber for the transmitting-flame by which the explosive mixture is lighted.

An engine of this kind involving our improvements is shown on the annexed three sheets of drawings.

Figurelisasectional plan; Fig. 2, an end view with sectio n through the explosion-chamber of firepower-cylinderandparts connectedthereto; 3o Fig.3, a transverse section through thefront end of the power-cylinder and the rear end of the air-pump; Fig. at, alongitndinal section along the center line of the power-cylinder; Fig. 5,

a transverse section through the igniting device, drawn to a larger scale; Fig. 6, asection on line 12, and Fig. 7 a section on line 3 4 of 5; and Fig. 8, a sectional plan of a modified construction of the igniting device.

A is a pump serving for the supply ofcom- 4o pressed air, andB the power-cylinder, having at its end the explosion-chamber C. The pistons of the pump and the cylinder are connected by rods to the respective cranks G and II of a common crank-shaft, the said cranks being placed parallel to each otheron thesaine side of the shaft.

2'), Fig. 2, is the valve for the admission of explosive mixture to the cylinder 13; K, the cxhaustvalvo, and X a shaft driven by the crank-shaft through the medium of bevelwhecls, and carrying cam for operating the said (No model.)

valves and theigniting device, the valveb being opened by the action of the cam a; on the roller 2) of the lever '0 and closed by the spring w, while the valve K is opened by the cam r, acting thereon by means of the rod (1', with roller 8', and the lever t, and closed by the spring p.

The petroleum to be supplied to the engine is drawn by a pump, P, through the suctionpipe 9 from a reservoir (not shown in the drawings) and discharged through the pipe 1', and in this pipe a cock, It, is inserted, the plug whereof is so perforated and connected to the governor S that when the speed of the engine becomes too great a part or the whole quantity of the petroleum will pass back into the suction-pipe g. The said cool; is, however, not shown in detail, as it does not form any part of the invention which we claim.

The air-pump A and the cylinder 13 are both inclosed in jackets, and the inside space of the cylinderjacket is divided by longitudinal partition-Walls, forming a channel, 0, which communicates at one end by a pipe, (Z,with the pump, and at the other end with a jacket, 0, surrounding the explosion-chamber Qwith a narrow intervening space, f. To the jacket 6 is attached the petroleum-evaporator, composed of two metallic surfaceaforminga narrow but extended passage, the said surfaces consisting, after the construction shown by the drawings, in the walls of the vessel D, preferably made of copper, and the walls of the cylindrical body E, vhung into the said vessel D, and which 8 leaves between itself and the latter the narrow space an. The body E, which has a central channel, h, is fixed to a pipe, k, branching off from the jacket 0, so that a communication is produced through the said channel and the pipe it between the space f of the jacket and the space m of the evaporator. The vessel D is bolted to a tubular branch, Z, of the jacket 0, the'said branch surrounding the branch pipe 70 with an intervening space, a, which com- 9 5 municates by means of a channel, p, with the valve chamber F, leading to the explosionchamber C. The vessel 1) is inclosed in a casing, ill, connected to the exhaustpipe L, so that the exhaust-gases will pass around the same and heat it. Into the branch pipe 76 is inserted the nozzle of the discharge-pipe t of h p t oleu npurnp B. the said nozzle being so arranged that the petroleum will be projected against the outer surface of the explosion-chamber, or any other wall, and thereby divided into spray.

The air is drawn in by the piston of the pump A through the valve-orifice a, and after having been compressed during the returnstroke of the piston to about one-half of its original volume it is driven past the valve 0 and through the pipe (Z into the channel 6, where it is slightly heated. Thereupon it flows through the space f, where it becomes heated to ahigh degree. On its further course through the pipe is the air meets with the petroleum spray present therein, and in dispersing the same still more mixes therewith and carries it along through the channel it into the space m, where the petroleum is evaporated upon the heated walls of the vessel 1). At the time the valve 12 is open the mixture of air and petroleum vapor thus produced then passes through the spacea, the channel 19, and the valvechamber F into the cylinder 13, where it joins with the residual combustiongases. In consequence of the pistons moving in the same direction, a further compression of the air still passing over from the pump A of the combustion-gases having remained in the cylinder and of the explosive mixture already formed then takes place until the pistons have arrived at the end of their return-stroke. Soon after this the mixture is ignited.

Previous to the starting of the engine the vessel D must be heated by a petroleum-lamp, N. After the engine has been put in motion and the exhaust-gases have become hot enough to be alone capable to evaporate the petroleum, the lamp is extinguished, and the bottom of the vessel D is protected from cooling by a slide introduced into the groove g.

In view of reducing the counter-pressure in the cylinder when, at the starting of the engine, the fiy-w11eel is turned by hand, the shaft X is provided with a cam, 1", longer in peripherical direction than the aforesaid cam r, and arranged to act on a roller, 3, rotating about a pin on the rod q, and which may be temporarily pushed into the path of the cam 1", the exhaust-valve being thereby kept open for a greater length of time than by the cam 1".

The igniting device is seen to best advantage from Figs. 5, 6, and 7. It consists of the slide a, having a cylindrical boring, the stationary piston b, inserted thereinto, the plate 0, screwed to the valve-chamber F, and having the aperture Zleadingto the said chamber, and of the cover d, with aperture h, the cover being pressed against the slide and the latter against the plate 0 by four springs, e, (only one appearing in the drawings.) The bottom of the boring of the slide and the end of the piston b have both semi-conical excavations, forming together, when both parts are in contact with each other, the conical igniting-chamber f. When the slide is in its normal position, in which it is kept, by the cam r, Fig. 1, acting on the same by means of the roller s, the rod y, and the lever z z, the said chamber 7 communicates at its base w1th the apertureh, in front of which is placed the permanent igniting-flame i. From the apex of the chamber f a narrow channel, It, leads to the edge of the aperture Z, being in the drawings on the left-hand side. Besides, the slide has the aperture m. If with this arrangement compressed explosive mixture enters into the chamber F, a small portion thereof passes through the channel into the chamber f, expands within the same, ignites at the flame i, and continues to burn inside of the chamber f, the flame thus produced being the transmitting-flame. of the contents of the cylinder is to take place the cam r abandons the roller 8, and the spr ng a, thus becoming free to act, draws the sl de a in the direction away from the piston b e. 6., in Figs. 6 and 7 to the right. The aperture h is thereby closed, and simultaneously the chamber f is expanded, in consequence whereof thetransmitting-fiame retreats toward the narrower end of the chamber. As soon as the slide has advanced far enough that communication is established between the aperture Z and the chamber f by means of the aperture m, the explosive mixture contamedun the valvechamber F and in the cylinder 1gnites through the said apertures at the transmitting-fiame. In order that the feedlng of this flame may not cease too soon, the small channel a is provided for, which entertains the communication between the aperture Z and the channel is for a short time after the latter has been covered by passing under the full portion of the plate 0, being in the drawings on the right-hand side of the aperture Z. At the required moment the slide a is returned to its normal position by means of the cam 1-.

In the modified construction shown by Fig. 8 the conical chamber f is arranged entirely in the slide a, and the piston b is so adjusted that when the slide is in its normal position a space, i, is left between the bottom ot' the boring in the slide and the end of the piston b, the said space communicating by the aperture m and a narrow channel, 0, with the aperture l, and by the wider channel, a, with the apex of the chamber f. While in the said chamber the transmitting-flame is produced, the space tfills through the channel a and the aperture 121. with explosive mixture. The slide being then moved as described above, the flame burning in the wider portion of the chamber f will, on account of the expansion of the space t, be drawn through the channel a into the said space. The explosive mixture At the moment the ignition contained therein ignites, and immediately ficiently cool there are cut into the said surfaces channels, through which water is caused to flow. These channels are omitted in the drawings. For adjusting the Width of the channel it" the same may he provided with a regulating-screw.

'We claim as our invention-- 7 1. In a petroleum'motor, the combination, with the air pninp A, cylinder B, explosionchamber 0, and exhaust-pipe L, of the jacket C, surrounding the chamber 0, means of eomninnication between the said jacket and the pump A, a petroleumevaporator composed of two metallic surfaces having between them a narrow space, m, two channels connecting the space m with the jacket G and the chanr her 0, the casing Ill, communicating with the exhaust-pipe L and inclosing the evaporator, andthe petroleuni'supplypipe 2', substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a petroleum-motor, the combination, with the explosion-chamber G, of an igniting device comprising the plate 0, the cover d,

the tubular slide a, and means for operating said slide, and the stationary piston I), fitting or located in said slide, these parts being constructed and arranged for joint operation, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

3. In a petrolennrniotor, the combination, with the explosion-chamber 0, of an igniting device comprising the plate 0, with aperture Z, the cover (1, with aperture it, the slide a, having a cylindrical boring, an aperture, in, and a channel, 7:, the stationary piston I), located in the said boring, the conical ignitingchaniherf and means for operating the slide, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

VICTOR LIST. JACOB KOSAKOFF. Witnesses:

HENRY SPRINGMANN, Eniislucs PAUL. 

